PPEFE

Basic English

Separate from business English. Short points, short phrases, single words. Search is on Phrases and Vocabulary.

0 of 19 points closed

1. 1. NounsA noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea: Mina, Seoul, apple, time. A countable noun adds -s when there is more than one.18 min
2. 2. PronounsA pronoun stands in for a noun so you do not repeat it. I, you, he, she, it, we, and they are subjects. Use he or she for a person, it for a thing, they for more than one.18 min
3. 3. VerbsA verb is an action or a state: run, work, be, have. A basic sentence needs one. The dictionary form is the base: work, not works.18 min
4. 4. AdjectivesAn adjective describes a noun. It usually sits before the noun, or after be: a red car, The car is red. It does not take a plural -s.18 min
5. 5. AdverbsAn adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb: quickly, very, well. Well describes how someone does something. Good describes a noun.18 min
6. 6. PrepositionsA preposition shows place or time: in, on, at, under. In a city or a month. On a day or a surface. At a clock time.18 min
7. 7. ConjunctionsA conjunction joins words or sentences. And adds. But contrasts. Because gives a reason. Do not tie because and but together.18 min
8. 8. ArticlesA and an mean one thing, not a particular one yet. An comes before a vowel sound: an apple, an hour. The means both sides already know which one.18 min
9. 9. Word orderA basic statement is subject, then verb, then object. She likes coffee. The verb does not come first, and the object does not sit between the subject and the verb.18 min
10. 10. BeAm is for I. Is is for he, she, and it. Are is for you, we, and they. The negative is not. Do not add a second be.20 min
11. 11. Subject-verb agreementA singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject takes a plural verb. The dog barks. The dogs bark. He, she, and it take -s in the present. I, you, we, and they do not.18 min
12. 12. Present simpleWith he, she, and it, add -s. I, you, we, and they take the base. Questions and negatives use do or does, and the main verb loses the -s.20 min
13. 13. Present continuousAm, is, or are plus -ing is an action happening now. She is working now. Do not drop the be. The negative is not before the -ing form.18 min
14. 14. QuestionsA yes/no question with be moves be before the subject. A yes/no question with another verb starts with do or does. A question word comes first: where, what, when.18 min
15. 15. NegativesWith be, not sits after the verb: is not, are not. With another verb, use do not or does not plus the base. Do not put not in front of the main verb alone.18 min
16. 16. CanCan is a modal. The next verb is the base. No to, and no -s. The negative is cannot or can't. The question is Can plus the subject.18 min
17. 17. There isThere is introduces one thing. There are introduces more than one. The real thing sits after the verb, and that thing decides is or are.18 min
18. 18. Past simpleA finished time takes the past simple: yesterday, last week. Regular verbs add -ed. Common verbs often change: go becomes went, see becomes saw. Questions and negatives use did plus the base, not the past form.20 min
19. 19. Future formsWill plus the base is a decision or a prediction: I will send it. Be going to plus the base is a plan you already have: She is going to leave. Will does not take to.20 min