Basic English · 18 min

Negatives

The point

With be, not sits after the verb: is not, are not. With another verb, use do not or does not plus the base. Do not put not in front of the main verb alone.

Form and use

A negative says that something is not so. Not cannot stand against a bare main verb by itself. It needs be, do, does, or, later, did. I not like tea is not English. She not here is not English either. Put a real helper in front of not.

With be, not follows am, is, or are. I am not ready. He is not ready. She is not ready. It is not ready. You are not ready. We are not ready. They are not ready. Short forms are isn't and aren't. There is no ordinary amn't. Say I'm not. He not is ready puts not in the wrong place.

Other present verbs take do not or does not plus the base. I do not know. You do not know. We do not know. They do not know. He does not know. She does not know. It does not know. Short forms are don't and doesn't. The main verb drops -s. She does not knows is wrong. She not know is also wrong. She does not know is right.

Did not belongs to the past, which you will study as its own pattern. The shape is already clear: did not plus the base. She did not call. She did not called is wrong, and She not called is wrong. Never write not plus a base with nothing between them. Be needs am, is, or are. Other present verbs need do or does. The past needs did.

Don't translate it like this

Don't say

She not work here.

Say

She does not work here.

그녀는 여기서 일하지 않습니다.

Does not, then the base work.

Short examples

She does not work here.

그녀는 여기서 일하지 않습니다.

They are not late.

그들은 늦지 않았습니다.

I am not hungry.

저는 배고프지 않습니다.

They are not in the office.

그들은 사무실에 없습니다.

It is not cold.

춥지 않습니다.

We do not sell that.

우리는 그것을 팔지 않습니다.

He does not drive.

그는 운전하지 않습니다.

You do not need a ticket.

표가 필요 없습니다.

She does not know the code.

그녀는 암호를 모릅니다.

She did not call.

그녀는 전화하지 않았습니다.

Questions

Every question has to be right to close this point.

1. DoesWhich line is right?
2. BeWhich line is right?
3. IWhich line is right?
4. is notThe room is not cold. The verb is be. Which line is right?
5. are notSeveral people are absent from the office. Which line is right?
6. do notWe do not sell that item. The subject is we. Which line is right?
7. does notHe does not drive. Which line is right?
8. Not plus baseShe does not know the answer. A bare not is not enough. Which line is right?
9. did notThe call is finished, in the past. Did not is only a pointer here. Which line is right?

Answer every question, then check.