Advanced English · 22 min
Concession
The point
Although, even though, and whereas already mark the contrast. Do not add but or so in the same sentence. Whereas sets two facts side by side. Even though marks a contrast that is surprising.
Form and use
Concession admits one fact and then states a contrast. Although, even though, and though introduce a full clause. Whereas and while also introduce a clause and set two facts side by side. Despite and in spite of introduce a noun or an -ing form, not a finite clause.
Shapes: Although the note is short, the risk is clear. Even though she was tired, she finished it. Though the date moved, the plan stayed. Seoul writes the detail, whereas Dallas reads the header. While he prefers email, she calls. Despite the delay, we sent it. In spite of feeling ill, he chaired the meeting. Despite and in spite of can take the fact that plus a clause: despite the fact that the note was short.
Do not add but after although, even though, or though. Although the note is short, but the risk is clear doubles the contrast. Choose one linker. Even is not a conjunction by itself. Even the editor was fluent does not concede a clause. You need even though.
However is a sentence adverb, not a conjunction that glues two clauses with a comma alone. The note is short. However, the risk is clear. Or use a semicolon: The note is short; however, the risk is clear. A comma with no semicolon, the note is short, however the risk is clear, is a run-on. However does not replace although inside one sentence without that punctuation.
Don't translate it like this
Don't say
Although the note is short, but the risk is clear.
Say
Although the note is short, the risk is clear.
메모는 짧지만 위험은 분명합니다.
Although and but do the same job. One of them is enough.
Short examples
Although the note is short, the risk is clear.
메모는 짧지만 위험은 분명합니다.
Seoul writes the detail, whereas Dallas reads the header.
서울은 세부를 쓰고, 댈러스는 머리말을 읽습니다.
Even though the editor was fluent, the note was late.
편집자가 유창했는데도 메모는 늦었습니다.
Even though she was tired, she finished it.
피곤했지만 그녀는 그것을 끝냈습니다.
Though the date moved, the plan stayed.
날짜는 옮겼지만 계획은 남았습니다.
While he prefers email, she calls.
그는 이메일을 선호하는 반면 그녀는 전화합니다.
Despite the delay, we sent it.
지연에도 불구하고 우리는 그것을 보냈습니다.
In spite of feeling ill, he chaired the meeting.
아픈데도 그가 회의를 주재했습니다.
The note is short. However, the risk is clear.
메모는 짧습니다. 그러나 위험은 분명합니다.
Questions
Every question has to be right to close this point.
Answer every question, then check.