Good morning. Shall we start?
좋은 아침입니다. 시작할까요?
Shall we is a suggestion, not a grammar exercise. After noon, say good afternoon.
PPEFE
Phrases
Read them aloud. Listen if you want a model. Nothing is recorded.
310 phrases
Thanks for making the time.
시간 내주셔서 감사합니다.
It means they protected a gap in a full day. Save “thanks for your time” for the end.
I'll keep this to twenty minutes.
이 회의는 20분으로 끝내겠습니다.
Say the length out loud. It sounds prepared, not rushed.
Let's begin with the decision we need today.
오늘은 내려야 할 결정부터 시작합시다.
A meeting without a decision is a status update. Name the decision.
Can everyone hear me clearly?
제 목소리, 잘 들리시나요?
Ask this before the content on a hybrid call. “Can you hear my voice?” is understood, but heavier.
I'll share my screen.
화면을 공유하겠습니다.
Say it before you share, not after ten seconds of silence.
Could you say that last part again?
마지막 부분을 다시 말씀해 주시겠어요?
Not “repeat again.” Repeat already means again.
When you say soon, do you mean this week?
곧이라고 하시면, 이번 주를 말씀하시는 건가요?
Pin a vague time to a real one. Soon is not a date.
Let me check I understood.
제가 이해한 게 맞는지 확인할게요.
Then restate their point in one sentence. Do not announce that you understood everything.
So the deadline is Thursday at 3 p.m., not Friday.
그럼 마감은 금요일이 아니라 목요일 오후 3시군요.
Restate the fact that changes the work.
I missed the figure. Was it 12 percent or 20?
숫자를 놓쳤습니다. 12퍼센트인가요, 20인가요?
Ask a closed question. “Pardon?” makes them guess what you missed.
Give me one second to write that down.
받아 적게 잠시만요.
Better than nodding at a number you do not have.
Decision needed by Thursday: Q3 launch date
목요일까지 결정 필요: 3분기 출시일
A subject line names the need and the deadline. Hello and Please check do not.
I'm writing to ask for a decision on the launch date.
출시일에 대한 결정을 부탁드리려고 씁니다.
One purpose in the first line. Skip “How are you?” in internal mail.
Could you send the revised figures by Thursday at 3 p.m.?
수정한 수치를 목요일 오후 3시까지 보내 주시겠어요?
Ask, object, deadline. All three. An apology is not an ask.
The new date is April 18.
새 날짜는 4월 18일입니다.
Bad news: the fact first, then the reason. Readers stop at the first clear sentence.
We can't move the launch to March. The parts arrive April 2.
출시를 3월로 당길 수 없습니다. 부품은 4월 2일에 옵니다.
Can't, then the reason. Do not bury it under “I hope you understand our situation.”
Happy to walk through the numbers on a ten-minute call.
수치는 10분 통화로 같이 봐도 됩니다.
Offer the next step. Please check leaves the next step to them.
I've attached the one-page brief.
한 장짜리 브리프를 첨부했습니다.
Name the file. Please refer to the attachment does not.
If I don't hear back by noon Friday, I'll go with option B.
금요일 정오까지 회신이 없으면 B안으로 가겠습니다.
A silence rule stops a stalled project. Use it only when you have the authority.
I think we should delay the launch.
출시를 미뤄야 한다고 봅니다.
Position first. A speaking score starts with whether the position is obvious.
The reason is that the parts are still at sea.
이유는 부품이 아직 운송 중이기 때문입니다.
One concrete reason. “Because it is important” is not a reason.
For example, last quarter a late part stopped the line for six days.
예를 들어 지난 분기에는 늦은 부품 때문에 라인이 엿새 멈췄습니다.
An example is something that happened, not a second opinion.
That's why I would wait until April 18.
그래서 4월 18일까지 기다리겠습니다.
Return to the position. You do not need “in conclusion.”
In my view, the room should decide today.
제 생각에는 오늘 이 자리에서 결정하는 편이 낫습니다.
In my view, not according to me. According to needs a source that is not you.
I recommend we keep the Friday review.
금요일 점검은 유지하자고 제안합니다.
Recommend we keep, or recommend keeping. Not recommend to keep.
I see it differently.
저는 다르게 봅니다.
Disagree with the idea. Don't say the person is wrong.
The goal makes sense. The date doesn't.
목표는 맞습니다. 날짜가 안 맞습니다.
Keep the part you can accept. Name the part you can't.
What I'm not clear on is the cost.
아직 분명하지 않은 건 비용입니다.
A precise gap is more useful than “I have a concern.”
Can we look at that assumption again?
그 가정, 다시 볼 수 있을까요?
Assumptions are easier to reopen than decisions people have already defended.
I'd push the date, not the scope.
범위가 아니라 날짜를 밀겠습니다.
Say what you are willing to move. It sounds like a partner, not a stop sign.
I'm not convinced the data supports that.
그 데이터가 그 결론을 받치는지는 아직 모르겠습니다.
I'm not convinced is professional. I don't think so is thin.
So the decision is April 18. I'll send the note.
그럼 결정은 4월 18일입니다. 제가 메모를 보내겠습니다.
Say the decision out loud. If nobody corrects you, you have agreement.
Owners: Mina on the parts, Jun on the note.
담당은 부품은 미나, 기록은 준입니다.
Names, not “the team.” A team does not own a task.
We'll meet again next Tuesday at 9.
다음 화요일 9시에 다시 보겠습니다.
Day and time. Let's meet soon is how work slips.
Thanks, everyone. That's the meeting.
감사합니다. 오늘은 여기까지입니다.
End it. Don't drift into a second meeting with no agenda.
The decision we need today is the date.
오늘 필요한 결정은 날짜입니다.
Name the decision in one line.
I'll take questions at the end.
질문은 마지막에 받겠습니다.
Say when questions happen so the room can wait.
Let me read that back.
제가 들은 것을 다시 읽어 보겠습니다.
Then say the fact, not a summary of the mood.
Did you say April or August?
4월이라고 하셨나요, 8월이라고 하셨나요?
Offer the two things you heard. Don't say pardon and stop.
Please see the date in the subject.
제목의 날짜를 봐 주세요.
Point at the line that already holds the fact.
Action: Mina sends the note today.
할 일: 미나가 오늘 메모를 보냅니다.
A name and a day. Not the team, and not soon.
My position is that we wait.
제 입장은 기다리자는 것입니다.
Position first. The reason is the next sentence.
The reason is time, not cost.
이유는 비용이 아니라 시간입니다.
Name the reason and the thing it is not.
I see the risk differently.
저는 위험을 다르게 봅니다.
A calm no. Then say what you see.
That may be true. The date still moves.
그건 맞을 수 있습니다. 날짜는 그래도 움직입니다.
Grant one point, then return to yours. Two sentences, not a paragraph.
We're decided. The date is April 18.
결정했습니다. 날짜는 4월 18일입니다.
The decision, then the fact. Nothing else.
I'll confirm this in one note.
이것을 메모 하나로 확인하겠습니다.
One note. Not a thread of apologies.
If we delay, the note will slip.
미루면 메모가 미끄러집니다.
Real conditional. Present in the if, will in the result.
If I were the editor, I would send it today.
제가 편집자라면 오늘 보내겠습니다.
Unreal now. Were, then would, and no would inside the if.
Had we known, we would have waited.
알았더라면 기다렸을 것입니다.
Past that did not happen. Had up front is the inversion.
The plant must name an owner.
공장은 담당을 말해야 합니다.
Must plus the base verb. No to.
The date might be April.
날짜는 4월일 수도 있습니다.
Might is a weak possibility, not a rule.
The person who owns the date replies.
날짜를 맡은 사람이 답합니다.
Who for a person. Which would be wrong here.
The plant whose note was late is Dallas.
메모가 늦었던 공장은 댈러스입니다.
Whose marks possession. A noun follows it.
Mina, who owns the parts, sends the note.
부품을 맡은 미나가 메모를 보냅니다.
Commas mean the fact is extra. Mina is already known.
Written in a hurry, the note was still clear.
급히 쓰였지만 메모는 여전히 분명했습니다.
The note was written. Writing would make the note the writer.
Having read the note, Dallas replied.
메모를 읽은 뒤 댈러스가 답했습니다.
Having plus the past participle puts the reading first.
Never have we delayed a warning.
우리는 경고를 미룬 적이 없습니다.
Never at the front, then the auxiliary, then the subject.
Not only did she flag it, she moved it.
그녀는 그것을 짚었을 뿐 아니라 옮겼습니다.
Not only forces did before the subject.
Were we to wait, the hazard would grow.
기다린다면 위험이 커질 것입니다.
Inverted if. Same meaning as if we were to wait.
I suggest that he send the note.
그가 메모를 보내기를 제안합니다.
Book form after suggest: the base verb, no -s.
It is essential that every plant see the header.
모든 공장이 머리말을 보는 것이 필수입니다.
After essential, the book form is the base verb.
Although the note is short, the risk is clear.
메모는 짧지만 위험은 분명합니다.
Although already contrasts. Do not add but.
Seoul writes the detail, whereas Dallas reads the header.
서울은 세부를 쓰고, 댈러스는 머리말을 읽습니다.
Whereas sets two facts side by side.
It is the date that matters.
중요한 것은 날짜입니다.
Cleft. It is plus the piece plus that. Not what.
What we need is a name.
우리에게 필요한 것은 이름입니다.
What-cleft. The thing you need sits after is.
It is the owner who replies, not the team.
답하는 것은 팀이 아니라 담당입니다.
Who, because the owner is a person.
I am ready.
준비됐습니다.
Am for I.
She is here.
그녀는 여기 있습니다.
Is for she.
They are not late.
그들은 늦지 않았습니다.
Not after are.
I work here.
나는 여기서 일합니다.
No -s after I.
She works here.
그녀는 여기서 일합니다.
-s after she.
Does he work here?
그는 여기서 일합니까?
Does plus the base.
Are you ready?
준비됐습니까?
Be before you.
Where do you live?
어디에 삽니까?
Where, then do.
Where does she live?
그녀는 어디에 삽니까?
Does, then the base.
She can swim.
그녀는 수영할 수 있습니다.
No to after can.
She cannot swim.
그녀는 수영할 수 없습니다.
Cannot, not doesn't can.
Can you help?
도와줄 수 있습니까?
Can before you.
She has two apples.
그녀는 사과가 두 개 있습니다.
Plural -s after a number above one.
She has an apple.
그녀는 사과가 하나 있습니다.
One countable thing takes a or an.
He is ready.
그는 준비됐습니다.
He is the subject. Not him.
It is on the desk.
그것은 책상 위에 있습니다.
It replaces a thing.
She is a teacher.
그녀는 교사입니다.
The sentence needs the verb is.
They have time.
그들에게는 시간이 있습니다.
Have is the verb.
She has a red car.
그녀는 빨간 차가 있습니다.
The adjective sits before the noun.
The cars are red.
그 차들은 빨간색입니다.
No plural -s on the adjective.
She speaks English well.
그녀는 영어를 잘합니다.
Well, not good, for the verb.
The note is very late.
메모가 매우 늦습니다.
Very before the adjective.
The meeting is on Monday.
회의는 월요일입니다.
On for a day.
We start at 9.
우리는 9시에 시작합니다.
At for a clock time.
She is tired, but she stays.
그녀는 피곤하지만 남습니다.
But contrasts. Do not add because.
She stays because she is the owner.
그녀가 남는 이유는 담당이기 때문입니다.
Because gives the reason.
I need an umbrella.
우산이 필요합니다.
An before a vowel sound.
The umbrella is mine.
그 우산은 제 것입니다.
The when both sides know which one.
She likes coffee.
그녀는 커피를 좋아합니다.
Subject, verb, object.
They read the note.
그들은 메모를 읽습니다.
The object follows the verb.
The dogs bark.
그 개들은 짖습니다.
A plural subject takes no -s on the verb.
The dog barks.
그 개는 짖습니다.
One dog takes -s.
She does not work here.
그녀는 여기서 일하지 않습니다.
Does not plus the base.
I do not live here.
나는 여기 살지 않습니다.
I takes do not.
She went yesterday.
그녀는 어제 갔습니다.
Yesterday takes the past.
She did not go.
그녀는 가지 않았습니다.
Did not plus the base.
She is working now.
그녀는 지금 일하고 있습니다.
Is plus the -ing form.
Are you working?
일하고 있습니까?
Are in front. No do.
There is a book on the desk.
책상 위에 책이 한 권 있습니다.
There is for one.
There are two notes.
메모가 두 개 있습니다.
There are for more than one.
She will leave.
그녀는 떠날 것입니다.
Will plus the base. No to.
She is going to leave at noon.
그녀는 정오에 떠날 계획입니다.
Going to for a plan you already have.
She worked yesterday.
그녀는 어제 일했습니다.
Yesterday takes the past.
Did she go?
그녀는 갔습니까?
Did plus the base.
She didn't go.
그녀는 가지 않았습니다.
Didn't plus the base.
I have seen this film.
이 영화를 본 적이 있습니다.
Have plus the participle. No yesterday.
Have you finished yet?
이미 끝냈습니까?
Yet keeps the time open.
She has lived here for two years.
그녀는 여기서 2년째 삽니다.
For a time that is still open.
This room is bigger than that one.
이 방이 저것보다 큽니다.
-er than for a short adjective.
This note is more useful.
이 메모가 더 유용합니다.
More for a long adjective.
This is better.
이것이 더 낫습니다.
Better, not more better.
If it rains, we will stay.
비가 오면 남겠습니다.
Present in the if, will in the result.
We will stay if it rains.
비가 오면 남겠습니다.
The if clause can come second.
If she arrives, we will start.
그녀가 오면 시작하겠습니다.
Arrives, not will arrives.
She was working when I called.
내가 전화했을 때 그녀는 일하고 있었습니다.
Was plus -ing for the longer action.
They were reading the note.
그들은 메모를 읽고 있었습니다.
They takes were.
She has been working for two hours.
그녀는 두 시간째 일하고 있습니다.
Has been plus -ing. No yesterday.
How long have you been waiting?
얼마나 오래 기다리고 있습니까?
Have before you.
She had left before I arrived.
내가 도착하기 전에 그녀는 떠났습니다.
Had plus the participle for the earlier past.
She used to live here.
그녀는 여기에 살았습니다.
Used to plus the base.
You must finish.
끝내야 합니다.
Must plus the base. No to.
You should rest.
쉬는 편이 좋습니다.
Should is advice, plus the base.
It might rain.
비가 올 수도 있습니다.
Might plus the base. Not a rule.
This is the biggest room.
이것이 가장 큰 방입니다.
The plus -est. Not most biggest.
This is the most useful note.
이것이 가장 유용한 메모입니다.
The most for a long adjective.
If I had time, I would stay.
시간이 있으면 남겠습니다.
Past in the if, would in the result.
If I were you, I would wait.
제가 당신이라면 기다리겠습니다.
Were for a hypothetical I.
The note was sent yesterday.
메모는 어제 보내졌습니다.
Was plus the participle.
She enjoys reading.
그녀는 읽기를 즐깁니다.
Enjoy takes -ing.
She decided to wait.
그녀는 기다리기로 했습니다.
Decide takes to plus the base.
The person who owns the date replies.
날짜를 맡은 사람이 답합니다.
Who for a person.
We do not have much time.
시간이 많지 않습니다.
Much with uncountable time.
The note is too late.
메모가 너무 늦습니다.
Too before the adjective.
She knows the date.
그녀는 날짜를 압니다.
Know stays simple.
I am meeting them at nine.
아홉 시에 그들을 만납니다.
Present continuous for a fixed arrangement.
I will call her now.
지금 그녀에게 전화하겠습니다.
Will for a decision made now.
She will be working at nine.
그녀는 아홉 시에 일하고 있을 것입니다.
Will be plus -ing.
By Friday she will have sent the note.
금요일까지 그녀는 메모를 보냈을 것입니다.
Will have plus the participle, before a future point.
By June she will have been working here for a year.
6월이면 그녀는 여기서 일한 지 1년이 됩니다.
Will have been plus -ing for the length.
She had been working for an hour when I called.
내가 전화했을 때 그녀는 한 시간째 일하고 있었습니다.
Had been plus -ing up to a past moment.
If she had sent the note, we would be ready now.
그녀가 메모를 보냈더라면 우리는 지금 준비됐을 것입니다.
Past cause, present result. No would in the if.
I wish I knew the date.
날짜를 알았으면 합니다.
Wish plus the past for an unreal now.
I wish I had sent it.
보냈더라면 좋았을 것입니다.
Wish plus had plus the participle for a past regret.
She should have sent it.
그녀는 그것을 보냈어야 했습니다.
Should have plus the participle.
She must have left.
그녀는 떠났음에 틀림없습니다.
Must have is a strong guess about the past.
She told me that she was ready.
그녀는 나에게 준비됐다고 말했습니다.
Told needs a person. The tense steps back.
She told him to send it.
그녀는 그에게 보내라고 말했습니다.
Tell plus person plus to plus the base.
She had the note translated.
그녀는 메모를 번역하게 했습니다.
Have plus object plus the participle.
I don't know where she is.
그녀가 어디 있는지 모릅니다.
Statement order inside the clause.
I know that she left.
그녀가 떠났다는 것을 압니다.
That plus subject plus verb.
The cat is on the desk.
고양이가 책상 위에 있습니다.
One cat. Two cats.
She lives in the city.
그녀는 도시에 삽니다.
A city takes in, not at.
The dog barks.
개가 짖습니다.
One dog takes -s on the verb.
The book is on the desk.
책이 책상 위에 있습니다.
On for a surface.
She has a red car.
그녀는 빨간 차가 있습니다.
The adjective sits before the noun.
She is a teacher.
그녀는 교사입니다.
The line needs a verb. Is carries the job.
They have time.
그들에게 시간이 있습니다.
Time here is an idea, so no plural -s.
There is a book on the desk.
책상 위에 책이 한 권 있습니다.
One book takes there is.
The book is on the table.
책이 탁자 위에 있습니다.
On, not in, for the top of a table.
She likes coffee.
그녀는 커피를 좋아합니다.
No a when you mean coffee in general.
I need an umbrella.
우산이 필요합니다.
An before a vowel sound.
They read the note.
그들은 메모를 읽습니다.
Subject, verb, then the object.
The meeting is on Monday.
회의는 월요일입니다.
A day of the week takes on.
They run in the morning.
그들은 아침에 뜁니다.
They takes the base. No -s.
They have time.
그들에게 시간이 있습니다.
Have is the main verb here.
She likes coffee.
그녀는 커피를 좋아합니다.
She likes, with -s.
Where do you live?
어디에 삽니까?
Where, then do, then the base.
They read the note.
그들은 메모를 읽습니다.
The object follows the verb.
She speaks English well.
그녀는 영어를 잘합니다.
Well describes the verb, not good.
She is tired, but she stays.
그녀는 피곤하지만 남습니다.
But contrasts. Do not add because.
She will leave.
그녀는 떠날 것입니다.
Will plus the base. No to.
We start at 9.
우리는 9시에 시작합니다.
At for a clock time.
I need an umbrella.
우산이 필요합니다.
Need plus a noun is a full verb.
She wants to work.
그녀는 일하고 싶어 합니다.
To takes the base work.
The dogs bark.
개들이 짖습니다.
A plural subject takes no -s on the verb.
Did she go?
그녀는 갔습니까?
Did plus the base go, not went.
This room is big.
이 방은 큽니다.
Big describes the noun room.
She has a blue car.
그녀는 파란 차가 있습니다.
The colour word comes before the noun.
She is happy.
그녀는 기쁩니다.
After be, the adjective does not take -s.
The note is very late.
메모가 매우 늦습니다.
Very sits before the adjective.
She is ready.
그녀는 준비됐습니다.
Is is the verb. Ready describes her.
She is tired, but she stays.
그녀는 피곤하지만 남습니다.
But joins two facts that pull apart.
The notes are short.
메모들은 짧습니다.
No plural -s on the adjective.
This is a good note.
이것은 좋은 메모입니다.
Good before the noun. Well for the verb.
She works quickly.
그녀는 빨리 일합니다.
Quickly follows the verb. Not quick.
The note is very late.
메모가 매우 늦습니다.
Very before late, not after it.
She is working now.
그녀는 지금 일하고 있습니다.
Now often marks the present continuous.
She works here.
그녀는 여기서 일합니다.
Here tells you where. It is not the verb.
I have seen this film.
이 영화를 본 적이 있습니다.
Have plus the participle. No yesterday.
This room is bigger than that one.
이 방이 저것보다 큽니다.
Short adjectives take -er than.
She has lived here for two years.
그녀는 여기서 2년째 삽니다.
For a length of time that is still open.
She has been working for two hours.
그녀는 두 시간째 일하고 있습니다.
Has been plus -ing for a length until now.
The person who owns the date replies.
날짜를 맡은 사람이 답합니다.
Who for a person, not which.
I have seen this film.
이 영화를 본 적이 있습니다.
Seen, not saw, after have.
Have you finished yet?
이미 끝냈습니까?
Yet keeps the time open.
She was working when I called.
내가 전화했을 때 그녀는 일하고 있었습니다.
Was plus -ing for the longer action.
She had left before I arrived.
내가 도착하기 전에 그녀는 떠났습니다.
Had plus the participle for the earlier past.
She enjoys reading.
그녀는 읽기를 즐깁니다.
Enjoy takes the -ing form.
She decided to wait.
그녀는 기다리기로 했습니다.
Decide takes to plus the base.
How long have you been waiting?
얼마나 오래 기다리고 있습니까?
Have before you. The -ing form stays.
I am meeting them at nine.
아홉 시에 그들을 만납니다.
Present continuous for a fixed arrangement.
The note was sent yesterday.
메모는 어제 보내졌습니다.
Was plus the participle. The note is the subject.
You should rest.
쉬는 편이 좋습니다.
Should plus the base. No to.
If it rains, we will stay.
비가 오면 남겠습니다.
Present in the if. Will in the result.
This note is more useful.
이 메모가 더 유용합니다.
More, not -er, for a long adjective.
She arrived early.
그녀는 일찍 도착했습니다.
Early describes arrived.
This result is bad.
이 결과는 나쁩니다.
Bad describes the noun. Do not say more bad.
It was a long meeting.
긴 회의였습니다.
Long before the noun.
She often arrives early.
그녀는 자주 일찍 도착합니다.
Often sits with the verb.
He always checks the date.
그는 항상 날짜를 확인합니다.
Always usually sits before the main verb.
She still lives here.
그녀는 아직 여기 삽니다.
Still means the situation has not ended.
She has recently finished the note.
그녀는 최근에 메모를 끝냈습니다.
Recently often takes the present perfect.
The plan rests on one assumption.
그 계획은 가정 하나에 기대어 있습니다.
Name the assumption. Do not leave it inside a hedge.
The outcome depends on the date.
결과는 날짜에 달려 있습니다.
Outcome is the noun. Depend is the verb.
The cleft puts the emphasis on the date.
분열문은 강조를 날짜에 둡니다.
It is the date that matters. The date carries the emphasis.
The header emphasizes the risk.
머리말은 위험을 강조합니다.
Emphasize takes a noun. It does not need that every time.
Do not assume the room heard you.
회의실이 들었다고 가정하지 마세요.
Assume plus a clause needs normal statement order.
Silence does not imply agreement.
침묵이 동의를 뜻하지는 않습니다.
Imply is what the words do. Infer is what the reader does.
The delay occurred before the note went out.
지연은 메모가 나가기 전에 일어났습니다.
Occur is formal for happen. It takes a subject that is the event.
The risk remains, notwithstanding the apology.
사과에도 불구하고 위험은 남습니다.
Remain does not take a passive here. The risk is the subject.
We seek a date the plant can meet.
공장이 맞출 수 있는 날짜를 구합니다.
Seek plus a noun. Not seek for in this formal use.
A March launch is unlikely.
3월 출시는 가능성이 낮습니다.
Unlikely describes the noun. It is not an adverb.
The delay was significant.
지연은 상당했습니다.
Significant is stronger than big in formal writing.
The former date was March. The latter is April.
앞의 날짜는 3월이었습니다. 뒤의 날짜는 4월입니다.
Former points back to the first noun. Latter points to the second.
Of price and date, the latter can move.
가격과 날짜 중 뒤의 것은 움직일 수 있습니다.
Use latter only when two things are already on the page.
The parts were late. Consequently the launch moved.
부품이 늦었습니다. 그 결과 출시가 옮겨졌습니다.
Consequently joins a cause to a result. It is more formal than so.
A greeting is merely courtesy.
인사는 단지 예의입니다.
Merely reduces the claim. Do not bury the date under it.
Costs rose significantly.
비용이 상당히 올랐습니다.
The adverb follows the verb here.
The agenda has four items.
안건은 네 가지입니다.
Name the agenda before the first topic.
I'll send the minutes by 5.
5시까지 회의록을 보내겠습니다.
Minutes name decisions and owners, not the mood.
A colleague in Dallas reads the header first.
댈러스의 동료는 머리말부터 읽습니다.
Colleague is one person. The team is not an owner.
The sales department owns the forecast.
영업부가 전망을 맡습니다.
Name the department only if a person inside it is also named.
The presentation opens with the recommendation.
발표는 제안으로 시작합니다.
Say the decision before the history.
Name the stakeholder who can stop the work.
일을 멈출 수 있는 이해관계자를 말하세요.
A stakeholder is a person with a stake, not a mood.
The client asked for the invoice.
고객사가 송장을 요청했습니다.
Client is the buyer. Customer can be one person. Be consistent.
The supplier can meet April 18.
공급업체는 4월 18일을 맞출 수 있습니다.
Say what the supplier can do, not that they are nice.
Please pay the invoice by Friday.
금요일까지 송장을 지급해 주세요.
Invoice, amount, and date. All three.
The schedule is in the attachment.
일정은 첨부에 있습니다.
Name the file. Please see the attachment does not.
The memo states the decision in line one.
메모는 첫 줄에 결정을 말합니다.
A memo is for a decision, not a family greeting.
The complaint names the order and the delay.
불만은 주문과 지연을 말합니다.
A feeling is not a complaint the plant can fix.
The schedule slips if the parts are late.
부품이 늦으면 일정이 미끄러집니다.
A schedule has dates. Soon is not a schedule.
The shipment leaves Monday at 10.
선적은 월요일 10시에 출발합니다.
Name the day and the time, not as soon as possible.
The refund goes out on Friday.
환불은 금요일에 나갑니다.
A refund needs an amount and a date.
The quote is valid until Thursday.
견적은 목요일까지 유효합니다.
A quote without a date is not a commitment.
The fee covers the review, not the travel.
수수료는 검토를 포함합니다. 출장은 아닙니다.
Say what the fee includes.
The launch is inside the budget.
출시는 예산 안에 있습니다.
Inside the budget is a fact. Expensive is a mood.
Revenue was 12 percent above last year.
매출은 작년보다 12퍼센트 높았습니다.
Say the comparison. Above what.
Profit fell because costs rose faster.
비용이 더 빨리 올라 이익이 줄었습니다.
Profit is not revenue. Say which one moved.
That discount would erase the margin.
그 할인은 마진을 지웁니다.
Name the margin before you agree to a cut.
The chart shows a rise against last year.
도표는 작년에 비해 오른 것을 보여 줍니다.
Say the comparison the line does not spell out.
The trend is up, but we are under the forecast.
추세는 위이지만 전망에는 못 미칩니다.
A trend is a direction over time, not one good day.
This quarter beat the forecast.
이번 분기는 전망을 넘었습니다.
Say which quarter. This, or last.
We are 3 percent under the forecast.
전망보다 3퍼센트 아래입니다.
A rise against last year can still miss the forecast.
The proposal puts the price in line two.
제안서는 둘째 줄에 가격을 둡니다.
A proposal that hides the price is not polite. It is late.
The strategy is to hold the price.
전략은 가격을 지키는 것입니다.
A strategy is a choice. A list of hopes is not.
The target is still April 18.
목표는 여전히 4월 18일입니다.
A target has a date or a figure. Better is not a target.
The contract fixes the date, not the hope.
계약은 희망이 아니라 날짜를 고정합니다.
If it is not in the contract, it is not agreed.
We can offer a discount on the second shipment.
두 번째 선적에 할인을 제안할 수 있습니다.
Say which shipment. A discount on everything erases the margin.
The negotiation is about the date, not the safety rule.
협상은 안전 규칙이 아니라 날짜에 관한 것입니다.
Say which term can move.
The terms are net 30.
조건은 30일 지급입니다.
Terms need a number. Flexible is not a term.
A competitor already published the date.
경쟁사가 이미 날짜를 발표했습니다.
Use a competitor as a fact, not as a scare.
A late shipment costs the brand more than the fee.
늦은 선적은 수수료보다 브랜드에 더 듭니다.
Brand is the noun. Do not verb it.
The parts are in the warehouse.
부품은 창고에 있습니다.
In the warehouse is a fact a stranger can check.
The plant is at capacity.
공장은 생산 능력의 끝에 있습니다.
Capacity is a limit. A wish does not raise it.
We should postpone the launch, not the safety check.
출시를 미뤄야 합니다. 안전 점검이 아닙니다.
Say what you postpone and what you do not.
Please confirm the stock by 4 p.m.
오후 4시까지 재고를 확인해 주세요.
Confirm plus a noun and a time.
Could you approve the contract by Wednesday?
수요일까지 계약을 승인해 주시겠어요?
Approve needs a person and a deadline.
We can negotiate the date, not the safety rule.
날짜는 협상할 수 있습니다. 안전 규칙은 아닙니다.
Say the term that is open.
I propose we hold the price.
가격을 지키자고 제안합니다.
Propose plus a clause, or propose plus a noun.
I attached the one-page brief.
한 장짜리 브리프를 첨부했습니다.
Name what you attached.
Please forward the note to Dallas.
메모를 댈러스로 전달해 주세요.
Say who receives it.
Jun will review the figures before noon.
준이 정오 전에 숫자를 검토합니다.
Review needs an owner and a time.
Revenue increased by 12 percent.
매출이 12퍼센트 늘었습니다.
By plus the amount. Against what, in the next sentence if needed.
Profit decreased because costs rose.
비용이 올라 이익이 줄었습니다.
Say the cause in the same sentence if you have it.
We will deliver the replacement on Monday.
월요일에 대체품을 배달하겠습니다.
Deliver plus what, plus when.
I'll update you when the stock is confirmed.
재고가 확인되면 알려 드리겠습니다.
Update needs a person and a condition.
The second shipment is still profitable.
두 번째 선적은 여전히 이익이 납니다.
Profitable is a result. Busy is not.
A four-line memo is more efficient.
네 줄 메모가 더 효율적입니다.
Efficient describes the work, not the writer's effort.
The quarterly review is on Tuesday.
분기 검토는 화요일입니다.
Quarterly describes the noun review.
Mina is available at 9.
미나는 9시에 가능합니다.
Available at a time. Not available for a vague soon.
The quote is competitive without the discount.
할인 없이도 견적은 경쟁력이 있습니다.
Competitive needs a comparison, even a short one.
The invoice is overdue.
송장이 기한을 넘겼습니다.
Overdue is a fact about a date. Angry is not.
We are currently under the forecast.
현재 전망 아래에 있습니다.
Currently is enough. At the present moment in time is not.
The delay was approximately six hours.
지연은 약 여섯 시간이었습니다.
Approximately plus a number. Roughly about is double.
Please reply urgently, by 4 p.m.
오후 4시까지 긴급히 답해 주세요.
Urgently without a clock is just a feeling.
State the decision clearly in the first line.
첫 줄에 결정을 분명히 말하세요.
Clearly describes how you state it, not that you feel clear.
Can we stick to the agenda?
안건을 지킬까요?
Use it when the room leaves the list.
Let's take that offline.
그건 회의 밖에서 합시다.
Park a side topic. Then name who will pick it up.
What's the action on that?
그것에 대한 다음 행동은 무엇입니까?
Force an owner before you leave the item.
I'll hand over to Jun for the numbers.
숫자는 준에게 넘기겠습니다.
Say the name and the slice they own.
Just to confirm, the figure is 12 percent.
확인합니다. 숫자는 12퍼센트입니다.
Restate the number. Do not say I think I understood.
When you say next week, do you mean by Friday?
다음 주라고 하시면 금요일까지를 말씀하시는 겁니까?
Pin a vague week to a real day.
I'm writing to follow up on the invoice.
송장에 대해 후속 메일을 씁니다.
One purpose in the first line.
Please find the updated schedule attached.
갱신한 일정을 첨부했습니다.
Say updated, so they do not open the old file.
I'm sorry the shipment missed Thursday. The replacement leaves Monday.
선적이 목요일을 놓쳐 죄송합니다. 대체품은 월요일에 출발합니다.
One sorry, then the date. Do not stay in the apology.
Could you approve the contract by Wednesday?
수요일까지 계약을 승인해 주시겠어요?
Ask, object, deadline.
I suggest we hold the price and move the date.
가격은 지키고 날짜를 옮기자고 제안합니다.
Suggest plus we plus the base, or suggest plus -ing.
The chart shows a rise, but it is still under the forecast.
도표는 오름을 보여 주지만 여전히 전망 아래입니다.
Give both comparisons. Last year and the plan.
We can move on the date. We can't move on the safety stock.
날짜는 움직일 수 있습니다. 안전 재고는 움직일 수 없습니다.
Say the open term and the closed term.
That discount would erase the margin.
그 할인은 마진을 지울 것입니다.
Would, because you are refusing a hypothetical cut.
The next step is yours: confirm the stock by 4.
다음 단계는 당신 것입니다. 4시까지 재고를 확인하세요.
A name, a verb, and a time.
I'll send the minutes by 5.
5시까지 회의록을 보내겠습니다.
Close with your own action, not with thanks alone.